Where does the energy come from to make ATP at the chloroplast?

Where does the energy come from to make ATP at the chloroplast?

During the process of photosynthesis, light penetrates the cell and passes into the chloroplast. The light energy is intercepted by chlorophyll molecules on the granal stacks. Some of the light energy is converted to chemical energy. During this process, a phosphate is added to a molecule to cause the formation of ATP.

How is ATP produced in chloroplasts?

In an intact chloroplast with thylakoid membranes, ATP is generated by an electron flow along the cytochrome transport system. Since the electrons are being transported to other “carrier” molecules, their energy is used to generate ATP and no reddish glow is emitted.

How is ATP produced in mitochondria and chloroplast?

ATP is synthesized by way of a complex process that requires different electron transport stages and the use of complex enzymes. ATP synthesis in the mitochondria takes place via the process of cellular respiration, whereas ATP synthesis in chloroplasts occurs by way of a photosynthetic mechanism.

Where does energy come from to make ATP in the light reactions?

In the light-dependent reactions, energy from sunlight is absorbed by chlorophyll and converted into stored chemical energy, in the form of the electron carrier molecule NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) and the energy currency molecule ATP (adenosine triphosphate).

Where is ATP produced in photosynthesis?

stroma
ATP and NADPH are produced on the stroma side of the thylakoid membrane, where they can be used by the Calvin cycle.

How do plants produce ATP?

Plants, through the process of photosynthesis, make use of the sunlight to energise and generate glucose through the available water and carbon dioxide. This glucose through pathways can be converted into pyruvate. Through cellular respiration, pyruvate in turn gives ATP (adenosine triphosphate).

How is ATP produced in photosynthesis?

They require light, and their net effect is to convert water molecules into oxygen, while producing ATP molecules—from ADP and Pi—and NADPH molecules—via reduction of NADP+. ATP and NADPH are produced on the stroma side of the thylakoid membrane, where they can be used by the Calvin cycle.

How is ATP produced in plants?

ATP production during photosynthesis In plants, ATP is synthesized in the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast. The process is called photophosphorylation. The “machinery” is similar to that in mitochondria except that light energy is used to pump protons across a membrane to produce a proton-motive force.

How is ATP made during the light reactions?

In a process called non-cyclic photophosphorylation (the “standard” form of the light-dependent reactions), electrons are removed from water and passed through PSII and PSI before ending up in NADPH. This process requires light to be absorbed twice, once in each photosystem, and it makes ATP .

How does ATP synthase produce ATP?

ATP synthase forms ATP from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and an inorganic phosphate (Pi) through oxidative phosphorylation, which is a process in which enzymes oxidize nutrients to form ATP. ATP synthase is found in all lifeforms and powers all cellular activities.

What is the role of chloroplasts in ATP synthesis?

Chloroplasts capture the energy in sunlight and use it to synthesize energy-rich carbohydrates. This food made by chloroplasts provides the chemical energy needed by all forms of life. Both mitochondria and chloroplasts are sites of production of ATP, the energy currency of the cell. Beside above, where does ATP synthesis occur in chloroplasts?

Where is adenosine triphosphate synthase found in chloroplast?

The chloroplast adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase is located in the thylakoid membrane and synthesizes ATP from adenosine diphosphate and inorganic phosphate at the expense of the electrochemical proton gradient formed by light-dependent electron flow.

What are the products of photosynthesis in a chloroplast?

Chloroplasts perform photosynthesis during the daylight hours. The immediate products of photosynthesis, NADPH and ATP, are used by the photosynthetic cells to produce many organic molecules.

When exposed to light the etioplasts rapidly develop into chloroplasts?

When exposed to light, the etioplasts rapidly develop into chloroplasts by converting this precursor to chlorophyll and by synthesizing new membranepigments, photosynthetic enzymes, and components of the electron-transport chain. Figure 14-33 Plastid diversity. (A) A proplastid from a root tip cell of a bean plant.