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What is the spiral structure of DNA called?
Nucleotides are arranged in two long strands that form a spiral called a double helix. The structure of the double helix is somewhat like a ladder, with the base pairs forming the ladder’s rungs and the sugar and phosphate molecules forming the vertical sidepieces of the ladder.
What is the structure of DNA known as?
The DNA molecule consists of two strands that wind around one another to form a shape known as a double helix. Each strand has a backbone made of alternating sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate groups.
What’s the twist DNA structure and replication?
The double-helix shape allows for DNA replication and protein synthesis to occur. In these processes, the twisted DNA unwinds and opens to allow a copy of the DNA to be made. In DNA replication, the double helix unwinds and each separated strand is used to synthesize a new strand.
What is the pair of guanine?
In base pairing, adenine always pairs with thymine, and guanine always pairs with cytosine.
What color is the deoxyribose?
Figure 1: A single nucleotide contains a nitrogenous base (red), a deoxyribose sugar molecule (gray), and a phosphate group attached to the 5′ side of the sugar (indicated by light gray).
How do you pronounce the word DNA?
Starts here0:51How to Pronounce Deoxyribonucleic Acid? What does DNA stand for?YouTube
Why is DNA a spiral?
The twisting aspect of DNA is a result of interactions between the molecules that make up DNA and water. In order to further prevent the nitrogenous bases from coming into contact with cell fluid, the molecule twists to reduce space between the nitrogenous bases and the phosphate and sugar strands.
How or why does DNA form a twisted ladder or spiral staircase in appearance?
They showed that alternating deoxyribose and phosphate molecules form the twisted uprights of the DNA ladder. The rungs of the ladder are formed by complementary pairs of nitrogen bases — A always paired with T and G always paired with C.
What is guanine and cytosine?
Guanine (G) is one of four chemical bases in DNA, with the other three being adenine (A), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). Within the DNA molecule, guanine bases located on one strand form chemical bonds with cytosine bases on the opposite strand. The sequence of four DNA bases encodes the cell’s genetic instructions.
Does cytosine pair with guanine?
Guanine pairs with cytosine, and adenine pairs with thymine in DNA. Interstrand hydrogen bonds are responsible for this pairing.
What is guanine used for?
In the cosmetics industry, crystalline guanine is used as an additive to various products (e.g., shampoos), where it provides a pearly iridescent effect. It is also used in metallic paints and simulated pearls and plastics. It provides shimmering luster to eye shadow and nail polish.
Is nitrogen A base?
Nitrogenous base: A molecule that contains nitrogen and has the chemical properties of a base. The nitrogenous bases in DNA are adenine (A), guanine (G), thymine (T), and cytosine (C). The nitrogenous bases in RNA are the same, with one exception: adenine (A), guanine (G), uracil (U), and cytosine (C).