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What is the surface feature above a mantle plume called?
A hot spot is an area on Earth over a mantle plume or an area under the rocky outer layer of Earth, called the crust, where magma is hotter than surrounding magma.
What is the mantle plume responsible for creating?
convection
A mantle plume is a proposed mechanism of convection within the Earth’s mantle. Because the plume head partially melts on reaching shallow depths, a plume is often invoked as the cause of volcanic hotspots, such as Hawaii or Iceland, and large igneous provinces such as the Deccan and Siberian Traps.
What causes the formation of intraplate volcano?
Intraplate volcanoes are caused by hot spots inside a tectonic plate and far from the edges.
How are intraplate volcanoes formed and what is an example?
As the overlying tectonic plate (lithosphere) moves over this hotspot, the eruption of magma from the fixed conduit onto the surface is expected to form a chain of volcanoes that parallels plate motion. The Hawaiian Islands chain in the Pacific Ocean is the type example.
How do hotspots form?
Hotspots occur when one of the Earth’s plates moves over an unusually hot part of the Earth’s mantle. These hot areas are usually relatively stationary and result in large amounts of magma rising up, piercing a hole in the plate to form a volcano. As the plates move, a series of volcanoes can form.
What can a rising column of magma mantle plume cause?
A mantle plume is a large column of hot rock rising through the mantle. The heat from the plume causes rocks in the lower lithosphere to melt. Heat transferred from the plume raises the temperature in the lower lithosphere to above melting point, and magma chambers form that feed volcanoes at the surface.
Why are hotspots formed?
How are hotspots related to plate tectonics?
A hot spot is an intensely hot area in the mantle below Earth’s crust. This heat causes the mantle in that region to melt. The molten magma rises up and breaks through the crust to form a volcano. While the hot spot stays in one place, rooted to its deep source of heat, the tectonic plate is slowly moving above it.
What are intraplate processes?
Intraplate pertains to processes within the plates. The earthquakes (colored dots) in the middle of the continent are intraplate events. Those near the ocean boundary are at the boundary between two plates (interplate).