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- 1 What is the result of collisions of atoms and molecules in the air with objects?
- 2 What happens to the temperature of a substance when the average kinetic energy of its particles increases?
- 3 How is the temperature of a gas related to the kinetic energy of its particles?
- 4 Is the force exerted by a gas per unit of surface area?
- 5 Is a measure of the force exerted by a gas above a liquid?
- 6 What is the relation between kinetic energy and temperature?
What is the result of collisions of atoms and molecules in the air with objects?
Gas pressure is caused by the force exerted by gas molecules colliding with the surfaces of objects (Figure 5.2. 1). Although the force of each collision is very small, any surface of appreciable area experiences a large number of collisions in a short time, which can result in a high pressure.
What happens to the temperature of a substance when the average kinetic energy of its particles increases?
When the temperature of an object increases, the average kinetic energy of its particles increases. When the average kinetic energy of its particles increases, the object’s thermal energy increases. Therefore, the thermal energy of an object increases as its temperature increases.
What is created by simultaneous collisions of rapidly moving gas particles against an object or container?
Gas pressure is the result of simultaneous collisions of billions of rapidly moving particles in a gas with an object.
The average kinetic energy of the particles in a gas is proportional to the temperature of the gas. Because the mass of these particles is constant, the particles must move faster as the gas becomes warmer.
Is the force exerted by a gas per unit of surface area?
Pressure is a stress. It is a scalar given by the magnitude of the force per unit area. In a gas, it is the force per unit area exerted by the change of momentum of the molecules impinging on the surface.
What is the relationship between average kinetic energy and temperature?
The average kinetic energy of gas particles is proportional to the absolute temperature of the gas, and all gases at the same temperature have the same average kinetic energy.
Is a measure of the force exerted by a gas above a liquid?
Vapor pressure is a measure of the pressure exerted by a gas above a liquid in a sealed container. Strong intermolecular forces produce a lower rate of evaporation and a lower vapor pressure.
What is the relation between kinetic energy and temperature?
Temperature. Temperature is directly proportional to the average translational kinetic energy of molecules in an ideal gas.