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What is the hydrolysis of nucleic acid?
Complete hydrolysis of chromosomal nucleic acids gave inorganic phosphate, 2-deoxyribose (a previously unknown sugar) and four different heterocyclic bases (shown in the following diagram). To reflect the unusual sugar component, chromosomal nucleic acids are called deoxyribonucleic acids, abbreviated DNA.
What is nucleic acid discuss in detail?
Nucleic acids are naturally occurring chemical compounds that serve as the primary information-carrying molecules in cells. They play an especially important role in directing protein synthesis. The two main classes of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).
What are the hydrolytic products of DNA?
The hydrolysis products of DNA are phosphoric acid, deoxyribose, the bases A, G, C and T. 6. The hydrolysis products of RNA are phosphoric acid, ribose and bases A.G, C and U.
What is formed by the hydrolysis of a nucleotide?
On hydrolysis (as the process is a complete hydrolysis) the products are sugar, base and phosphoric acid.
What happens during DNA hydrolysis?
In general the generic process of hydrolysis encompasses two important reactions, that of deamination and of base loss from the 2′-deoxyribose backbone. Base loss is believed to lead to chain scissions.
What are 4 functions of nucleic acids?
Nucleic Acids Among other important roles, nucleotides can serve as sources of energy in the form of ATP, physiological signaling mediators, secondary messengers, and allosteric enzyme effectors. This article summaries nucleotide metabolism and provides a summary of the dietary sources of nucleic acid.
What are the important of nucleic acid?
Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the genetic blueprint of a cell and carry instructions for the functioning of the cell. The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA).
What is the hydrolytic product of RNA?
RNA hydrolysis is a reaction in which a phosphodiester bond in the sugar-phosphate backbone of RNA is broken, cleaving the RNA molecule. RNA is susceptible to this base-catalyzed hydrolysis because the ribose sugar in RNA has a hydroxyl group at the 2′ position.
What bond holds nucleotides together?
Nucleotides are joined together by covalent bonds between the phosphate group of one nucleotide and the third carbon atom of the pentose sugar in the next nucleotide. This produces an alternating backbone of sugar – phosphate – sugar – phosphate all along the polynucleotide chain.
What is the function of hydrolytic enzyme?
Hydrolytic enzymes break down protein, lipids, nucleic acids, carbohydrate and fat molecules into their simplest units.
What are some examples of hydrolytic reactions?
Examples of hydrolytic reactions are the breaking down of complex sugars, proteins, complex fats, and nucleic acids into monosaccharides, amino acids, fatty acids, and nucleotides. Various types of hydrolysis occur in living organisms. The three types are listed below:
What is the repeating unit of nucleic acids?
Nucleic acids are long-chain polymeric molecules. The monomer or the repeating unit is known as the nucleotides and hence sometimes nucleic acids are referred to as polynucleotides.
What are the functions of nucleic acids and RNA?
Functions of Nucleic Acids Nucleic Acid is responsible for synthesis of protein in our body RNA is a vital component for protein synthesis. Loss of DNA content is linked to many diseases. DNA is an essential component required for transferring genes from parents to offspring. All the information of a cell is stored in DNA.
What actually happens in dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis?
In fact, in the presence of water, dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis are the biochemical processes that are used to either build or break down the said biological molecules. Let’s take a look and explore what actually happens in these reactions.
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