Admin Table of Contents
What is the antidote for vincristine?
Hyaluronidase: is the recommended antidote for the extravasation of vinblastine, vincristine, vindesine, vinorelbine, vinflunine. has been reported to produce positive outcomes for paclitaxel extravasation; if used for a paclitaxel extravasation, no compress is recommended.
What is chemo antidote?
Uridine triacetate (Vistogard—Wellstat Therapeutics Corporation; BTG)—the first and only antidote for emergency treatment following an overdose of select chemotherapy agents—was approved by FDA in mid-December. The agent, a pyrimidine analog, is a prodrug of uridine that inhibits cell damage and death.
Why is dexrazoxane given?
Dexrazoxane injection (Totect, Zinecard) is used to prevent or decrease thickening of the heart muscles caused by doxorubicin in women who are taking the medication to treat breast cancer that has spread to other parts of the body.
What is doxorubicin toxicity?
While an effective anti-tumor agent, doxorubicin causes cumulative and dose-dependent cardiotoxicity, ranging from occult changes in myocardial structure and function to severe cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure that may result in cardiac transplantation or death1,2,3,4,5,6.
What is the antidote for mitomycin?
Pyridoxine: a potential local antidote for Mitomycin-C extravasation.
What is the antidote for cyclophosphamide?
No specific antidote for cyclophosphamide is known. Overdosage should be managed with supportive measures, including appropriate treatment for any concurrent infection, myelosuppression, or cardiac toxicity should it occur.
What are the treatment options for extravasation with doxorubicin?
Doxorubicin Antidotes
- Dexrazoxane. Dexrazoxane is an iron chelator that prevents anthracycline-iron complexes and free radical formation causing oxidative damage.
- Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)
- Hyaluronidase.
- DMSO.
- As L-asparaginase is a non-irritant, it is fairly benign.
How is extravasation treated?
Treatment of a vesicant extravasation includes immediate cessation of infusion, aspiration of as much extravasated drug as possible through the still-intact catheter, and attempts for the aspiration of the extravasated agent in the surrounding tissue. This aspiration may help to limit the extent of tissue damage.
What is pegylated liposomal doxorubicin?
Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (Doxil, Caelyx) is a formulation of doxorubicin in poly(ethylene glycol)-coated (stealth) liposomes with a prolonged circulation time and unique toxicity profile. We review the preclinical and clinical pharmacology as well as recent clinical data obtained in specific cancer types.
How do you prevent doxorubicin toxicity?
Conclusions: Dexrazoxane is hydrolyzed to its active form intracellularly and binds iron to prevent the formation of superhydroxide radicals, thus preventing mitochondrial destruction. The effect of dexrazoxane on the prevention of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity is impressive in both animal and human studies.
How is doxorubicin cardiotoxic?
Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity is due in large part to the generation of free radicals from doxorubicin through mitochondrial redox cycling of doxorubicin in the cardiomyocyte, which ultimately results in left ventricular dysfunction, and in the most severe cases, congestive heart failure.
For what vesicant Is there an antidote?
These antidotes include isotonic (1/6 M) sodium thiosulfate for mechlorethamine (and optionally for cisplatin), hyaluronidase for the vinca alkaloids (and optionally for epipodophyllotoxins such as etoposide), and cooling with very topical DMSO and low dose hydrocortisone for the anthracyclines.