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What is discharge and its unit?
Discharge = V x D x W If length is measured in feet and time in seconds, Discharge has units of feet3/sec or cubic feet per second (cfs). Depth times Width gives the cross-sectional area. The shape of the channel is important because of the reduction in velocity due to friction along the channel margins.
What is the definition of discharge in fluid mechanics?
The amount of fluid passing a section of a stream in unit time is called the discharge. If v is the mean velocity and A is the cross sectional area, the discharge Q is defined by Q = Av which is known as volume flow rate. Discharge is also expressed as mass flow rate and weight flow rate.
What is discharge in civil engineering?
Discharge means that “the amount of depth of water flow out from the river or reservoir in mm or litres with respect to time”
What is river discharge definition?
River Discharge. The discharge of a river is the volume of water which flows through it in a given time. It is usually measured in cubic meters per second.
What is unit of flow rate?
The SI unit for flow rate is m3/s, but a number of other units for Q are in common use. For example, the heart of a resting adult pumps blood at a rate of 5.00 liters per minute (L/min). Flow rate is the volume of fluid per unit time flowing past a point through the area A.
Why do we measure discharge?
This is one reason for measuring flow – to work out the load of contaminants and sediment the waterway is carrying. Because discharge can have a significant effect on water quality, it is important that it is recorded at the time of sampling and, if possible, during the previous few days.
How is canal discharge measured?
Discharges of rivers, streams and canals can be measured by following methods:
- Area Velocity Method: This is the direct method of computing the discharge in a stream by measuring its velocity and area of flow.
- Weir Method:
- Flumed Meters:
- Chemicals Method:
- Stage Discharge Curve:
- From Power Plant Records:
Why is coefficient of discharge used?
The discharge coefficient is a dimensionless number used to characterise the flow and pressure loss behaviour of nozzles and orifices in fluid systems. Orifices and nozzles are typically used to deliberately reduce pressure, restrict flow or to measure flow rate.
Why coefficient of discharge is calculated?
The discharge coefficient can be thought of as a correction factor for “real” flow meter devices. It is typically determined experimentally for different flow meters. Correlation equations can be used to calculate the real “corrected” flow rate through a given meter.
What is annual discharge?
3.9 Mean Annual Discharge and Discharge Variability. Page 1. In hydrology and water management, the term discharge refers to the volume of water which flows through a defined cross-section of a watercourse per unit of time. Depending on the size of the river or stream, the discharge is measured either in m3/s or l/s.