What does it mean when two gene versions for a trait are the same in an offspring?

What does it mean when two gene versions for a trait are the same in an offspring?

In some cases, both parents provide the same allele of a given gene, and the offspring is referred to as homozygous (“homo” meaning “same”) for that allele.

What is it called when there are 2 or more genes that influence a trait?

Inheritance. Polygenic inheritance occurs when one characteristic is controlled by two or more genes. Often the genes are large in quantity but small in effect. Examples of human polygenic inheritance are height, skin color, eye color and weight. Polygenes exist in other organisms, as well.

Are identical twins genetic?

Having identical twins is not genetic. On the other hand, fraternal twins can run in families. Genetics can definitely play a role in having fraternal twins. For example, a woman that has a sibling that is a fraternal twin is 2.5 times more likely to have twins than average!

What causes pleiotropy?

Gene pleiotropy occurs when a gene product interacts with multiple other proteins or catalyzes multiple reactions. Developmental pleiotropy occurs when mutations have multiple effects on the resulting phenotype.

Are genes and genotypes the same thing?

A genotype is an individual’s collection of genes. The term also can refer to the two alleles inherited for a particular gene. The genotype is expressed when the information encoded in the genes’ DNA is used to make protein and RNA molecules.

What does it mean to have two alleles of the same gene?

Having two identical alleles of a gene. As a noun this is a diploid individual that has equal alleles at one or more genetic loci. As an adjective this is of an organism in which both copies of a given gene have the same allele. Having two different alleles of a gene.

What is the pattern of inheritance of a trait?

Pattern of inheritance that occurs when both alleles for a gene are expressed equally. Two dominant alleles are expressed and they both show up in the heterozygous individual. More than one gene affects a trait, results in a broad range of phenotypes.

What is a heterozygous pattern of inheritance?

Pattern of inheritance that occurs when organisms display a trait that is in between that of the parents. Neither allele is dominant over the other. The heterozygous individual is a mix between the two parents. Pattern of inheritance that occurs when both alleles for a gene are expressed equally.

What is a change in a gene or chromosome?

A change in a gene or chromosome. When gametes form, the alleles for each gene in an individual separate independently of one another. This is called the: The numbered chromosomes that come in homologous pairs. They are not involved in the sex of the organism. The non-homologous pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of the organism.