What did the HMS Challenger expedition discover?

What did the HMS Challenger expedition discover?

Halfway through the journey, in the spring of 1875, Challenger made one of its greatest discoveries: the Mariana Trench, containing the deepest point on Earth. The Mariana Trench is located near Guam, about 1,500 miles east of the Philippines.

What did the second HMS Challenger do 1951?

In 1951, the HMS Challenger II undertook a 2-year survey of precise deep-sea measurements of the world ocean. The deepest depth measured was in the Mariannas Trench.

What was the main purpose of the HMS Challenger?

The purpose of the HMS Challenger voyage was to gather data about the ocean, including information about topography, temperature, currents, and…

How many species did the HMS Challenger discover?

The result was the Report Of The Scientific Results of the Exploring Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873–76 which, among many other discoveries, catalogued over 4,000 previously unknown species.

What species did the HMS Challenger discover?

(A spot called Challenger Deep now holds the depth title, at 10,994 meters.) Maps of the ocean floor also revealed the first hints of a rise in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean, now named the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. And new species of deep-sea sponges, bizarre anglerfish, and dinoflagellates were discovered.

What were the major contributions of the HMS Challenger to the study of oceanography quizlet?

The HMS Challenger was a British warship that was retrofitted as the first ever oceanographic research vessel. During its 3-year voyage, the HMS Challenger sailed around the world, collecting information about the ocean depths and collecting samples. It took 19 years to publish the results in a 50-volume set!

How did the HMS Challenger discover the Mariana Trench?

The depths of the Mariana Trench were first plumbed in 1875 by the British ship H.M.S. Challenger as part of the first global oceanographic cruise. The Challenger scientists recorded a depth of 4,475 fathoms (about five miles, or eight kilometers) using a weighted sounding rope. In 1951, the British vessel H.M.S.

How much of the world is discovered?

The extent of human impact on these underwater ecosystems is impressive. Still, we’ve only mapped 5 percent of the world’s seafloor in any detail. Excluding dry land, that leaves about 65 percent of the Earth unexplored. There’s a lot out there potentially harboring a lot more plastic bags.

What are three reasons to learn the history of oceanography?

Three primary reasons for early civilization to interact with the ocean:

• To obtain food.
• Trade with other cultures.
• To discover new lands.

What contributions did the voyage of the HMS Challenger yield?

Many consider it to be the first true oceanographic expedition because it yielded a wealth of information about the marine environment. Those aboard identified many organisms then new to science, and they gathered data at 362 oceanographic stations on temperature, currents, water chemistry, and ocean floor deposits.

What is an advantage that coastal marine labs have over global research expeditions?

It provides valuable data on ocean circulation and the animals go to places that scientists can’t access any other way.

What are three facts about the Mariana Trench?

19 Mariana Trench Facts for Kids

• The Mariana Trench is a deep oceanic trench located in the Pacific Ocean.
• The Mariana Trench is the deepest oceanic trench in the world.
• The deepest part of the Mariana Trench is around 36,037 feet.
• The Mariana Trench was named after the Mariana Islands.

What is the HMS Challenger?

The HMS Challenger was demarcated to be the most optimum vessel for this exploratory activity. A corvette ship, the 200-feet long, 40-feet wide Challenger was refurbished completely to accommodate the various technological and researching equipments.

What was the purpose of the Challenger expedition?

The Challenger Expedition’s exciting discoveries encouraged other countries to take interest in the oceans and to mount their own expeditions. Painting of the HMS Challenger by William Frederick Mitchell originally published for the Royal Navy. Drawings of one of the sounding machines used to get the depth of the ocean used on the Challenger.

What was the impact of the Challenger disaster of 1872-76?

…watershed expedition made by HMS Challenger in 1872–76 generated thousands of observations in the Atlantic and other ocean basins, culminating in the publication of 50 volumes of data on currents, water depth, temperature, ocean sediments, and animal and plant species. Other important contributions of the late 19th and early 20th….

How did the Royal Society of London get the Challenger?

Prompted by Charles Wyville Thomson —of the University of Edinburgh and Merchiston Castle School —the Royal Society of London obtained the use of Challenger from the Royal Navy and in 1872 modified the ship for scientific tasks, equipping it with separate laboratories for natural history and chemistry.