What determines whether a cell is a target cell for a particular hormone quizlet?

What determines whether a cell is a target cell for a particular hormone quizlet?

What determines whether a cell is a target cell for a particular hormone? If the cell has receptors with proteins or glycoproteins with binding sites for a specific hormone. Once inside the cell, the steroid hormone binds with a specific receptor found only in the cytoplasm of the target cell.

What are the factors that are required for target cell activation by hormone receptor interaction?

Target cell activation is dependent on three factors:

• The levels of hormone in the blood.
• The relative number of hormone receptors on the target cell.
• The hormone–receptor affinity.

Why target cells are formed?

Artifact: Target cell formation occurs when blood smears are made when humidity is high. Hemoglobinopathies: There is a uneven distribution of hemoglobin within the cell, and an increased surface area to volume ratio. Note: Target cells have an increased surface area to volume ratio and decreased osmotic fragility.

What happens when a target cell is activated?

Target cells may form more receptors in response to reduced exposure to a hormone (called “up-regulation”) or they may lose receptors in response to prolonged exposure (called “down-regulation”). This combination is now an activated “hormone-receptor complex” which binds to the chromatin (on another receptor site).

What is a target cell in biology?

Medical Definition of target cell : a cell that is acted on selectively by a specific agent (as a virus, drug, or hormone) the receptor that HIV binds to in entering its target cells— Michael Balter.

What is a target cell biology?

Why does a hormone elicit a response only with target cells?

Why does a hormone elicit a response only with target cells? Each hormone has specific receptors in the body. Although a given hormone can reach all cells of the body, only some cells have receptors for that hormone. A hormone elicits a response only from specific target cells that have the matching receptor.

What is target cell and in which condition this cell is found?

Target cells, or codocytes, have an excess of cell membrane relative to cell volume. Macrocytic target cells can be seen in liver disease, and microcytic target cells may be seen in thalassemia. Artifactual target cells are generally irregularly distributed on the slide.

What is target cell in biology?

What are target cells indicative of?

Presence of cells called target cells may be due to: Deficiency of an enzyme called lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase. Abnormal hemoglobin, the protein in RBCs that carries oxygen (hemoglobinopathies) Iron deficiency. Liver disease.

What causes a target cell?

Presence of cells called target cells may be due to: Deficiency of an enzyme called lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase. Abnormal hemoglobin, the protein in RBCs that carries oxygen (hemoglobinopathies) Iron deficiency.

What is the relationship between a hormone and a target cell?

Hormones, Receptors and Target Cells. Autocrine action: the hormone acts on the same cell that produced it. Two important terms are used to refer to molecules that bind to the hormone-binding sites of receptors: Agonists are molecules that bind the receptor and induce all the post-receptor events that lead to a biologic effect.

How many cells are affected by a given hormone?

However, a given hormone usually affects only a limited number of cells, which are called target cells. A target cell responds to a hormone because it bears receptors for the hormone.

What is the function of a hormone?

Hormones are chemical messengers secreted into blood or extracellular fluid by one cell that affect the functioning of other cells. A target cell responds to a hormone because it bears receptors for the hormone.

How do hormones trigger different responses in different tissues?

The same type of receptor may be located on cells in different body tissues, and trigger somewhat different responses. Thus, the response triggered by a hormone depends not only on the hormone, but also on the receptor present on the target cell.