Admin Table of Contents
- 1 What are the components of the withdrawal reflex arc?
- 2 How does a simple reflex work?
- 3 What is the function of the flexor withdrawal reflex?
- 4 Is the withdrawal reflex involuntary?
- 5 What are the pain pathways in the central nervous system?
- 6 What are the four processes involved in pain processing?
- 7 What are the different types of neural pathways?
What are the components of the withdrawal reflex arc?
The reflex arc consists of 5 components:
- sensory receptor.
- sensory neuron.
- integration center.
- motor neuron.
- effector target.
How does a simple reflex work?
In a simple reflex, a neuron brings information about a stimulus to the brain or spinal cord and connects with a motor neuron. The motor neuron sends out a message to a muscle. The muscle responds to that message by contracting. Reflexes allow you to react automatically to a stimulus.
What parts of the nervous system are involved in a reflex?
The anatomical pathway of a reflex is called the reflex arc. It consists of an afferent (or sensory) nerve, usually one or more interneurons within the central nervous system, and an efferent (motor, secretory, or secreto-motor) nerve. Most reflexes have several synapses in the reflex arc.
What is the function of the flexor withdrawal reflex?
The withdrawal reflex (nociceptive flexion reflex or flexor withdrawal reflex) is a spinal reflex intended to protect the body from damaging stimuli.
Is the withdrawal reflex involuntary?
It is the voluntary reflexes we are considering here. The reflex shown in this figure is called a 3-neuron reflex because it requires three types of neurons: a sensory, an interneuron, and a motor neuron. It is also called a withdrawal reflex because it is commonly involved in withdrawing from painful stimuli.
Is withdrawal reflex somatic reflex?
In our discussion we will examine four major reflexes that are integrated within the spinal cord: the stretch reflex, the Golgi tendon reflex, the withdrawal reflex and the crossed extensor reflex.
What are the pain pathways in the central nervous system?
Pain Pathways In the Central Nervous System Primary afferent nociceptors transmit impulses into the spinal cord (or if they arise from the head, into the medulla oblongata of the brain stem). In the spinal cord, the primary afferent nociceptors terminate near second-order nerve cells in the dorsal horn of the gray matter (Willis, 1985).
What are the four processes involved in pain processing?
Figure 7-1illustrates the major components of the brain systems involved in processing pain-related information. There are four major processes: transduction, transmission, modulation, and perception. Transduction refers to the processes by which tissue-damaging stimuli activate nerve endings.
How many neurons are involved in the reflex action pathway?
Only two neurons are involved in this pathway. The sensory component (sensory neuron) of the pathway has its receptors on muscles and motor component (motor neuron) is present in the spinal cord. Knee jerk reflex is a classic example of this pathway. This reflex is produced when we stimulate third, fourth and fifth lumbar nerves.
What are the different types of neural pathways?
Types of Neural Pathways. 1 Monosynaptic reflex. One of the simplest neural pathways is the mono-synaptic. reflex pathway. 2 Corpus Callosum. 3 Visual pathway. 4 Reward pathway. 5 Pain. The most common complaint of patients is pain. To relieve pain, we need to understand its pathway. Sensations of pain are. perceived by A-delta