How do we know how far the epicenter is from a seismograph station?

How do we know how far the epicenter is from a seismograph station?

Finding the Distance to the Epicenter Use the time difference between the arrival of the P and S waves to estimate the distance from the earthquake to the station. Measure the distance between the first P wave and the first S wave. In this case, the first P and S waves are 24 seconds apart.

How is the distance to the epicenter of an earthquake determined using a seismograph quizlet?

They use seismic waves to locate an earthquake’s epicenter. Scientists measure the difference between the arrival time of the P and S waves to the seismograph. The farther away an earthquake the greater the distance between arrival time.

What do geologists use to measure the seismic waves released by an earthquake?

A seismogram is a record of the ground motions caused by seismic waves from an earthquake. A seismograph or seismometer is the measuring instrument that creates the seismogram. Seismologists study earthquakes and can use this data to determine where and how big a particular earthquake is.

What is the distance of epicenter from the station of Samar?

The epicenter is located 9 kilometers northwest of San Julian, Eastern Samar at a depth of 65 kilometers.

In what region would the epicenter of the earthquake be?

The location below the earth’s surface where the earthquake starts is called the hypocenter, and the location directly above it on the surface of the earth is called the epicenter. Sometimes an earthquake has foreshocks.

How are earthquakes measured quizlet?

~ The Richter Scale measures the magnitude (size) of an earthquake. ~ The Richter Scale rates small earthquakes based on the size of seismic waves recorded by seismographs.

How does the Richter scale measure an earthquake?

The Richter scale measures the largest wiggle (amplitude) on the recording, but other magnitude scales measure different parts of the earthquake. Intensity is a measure of the shaking and damage caused by the earthquake; this value changes from location to location.

How do you measure earthquake frequency?

Seismographs are set to measure seismic waves at specific frequencies — say, at a frequency of one hertz, or a period of one second, for a type of body wave called a P-wave; or 50 millihertz, a period of 20 seconds, for surface waves.

How do geologists locate the epicenter of an earthquake?

Geologists locate the epicenter of an earthquake by taking measurements from three seismograms. These are measured at seismic stations and give the distance that the earthquake’s waves traveled in order to reach the station. These three distances are then used to triangulate the epicenter.

How do seismologists determine the size of an earthquake?

They use the seismogram recordings made on the seismographs at the surface of the earth to determine how large the earthquake was (figure 5). A short wiggly line that doesn’t wiggle very much means a small earthquake, and a long wiggly line that wiggles a lot means a large earthquake.

How do you calculate the distance from the stations to the earthquake?

Distances from the stations to the earthquake are estimated from the difference between P and S wave arrival times: Illustrative example seismograms from IRIS. Use the time difference between the arrival of the P and S waves to estimate the distance from the earthquake to the station.

How can scientists tell if an earthquake is a foreshock?

Scientists can’t tell that an earthquake is a foreshock until the larger earthquake happens. The largest, main earthquake is called the mainshock. Mainshocks always have aftershocks that follow. These are smaller earthquakes that occur afterwards in the same place as the mainshock.