How can a change in the sequence of nitrogenous bases in a DNA molecule result in a gene mutation?

How can a change in the sequence of nitrogenous bases in a DNA molecule result in a gene mutation?

point mutation, change within a gene in which one base pair in the DNA sequence is altered. Point mutations are frequently the result of mistakes made during DNA replication, although modification of DNA, such as through exposure to X-rays or to ultraviolet radiation, also can induce point mutations.

What happens if there is a mutation in the DNA sequence?

When a gene mutation occurs, the nucleotides are in the wrong order which means the coded instructions are wrong and faulty proteins are made or control switches are changed. The body can’t function as it should. Mutations can be inherited from one or both parents.

What would happen to the protein above if the sequence of DNA changed by one base?

If the amino acid sequence above changed by one base pair, the entire protein could change. For example, if a base was substituted for another base, it could change the amino acid sequence, changing the protein formed.

How might a single base substitution in the sequence of a gene affect the amino acid sequence?

A missense mutation is when the change of a single base pair causes the substitution of a different amino acid in the resulting protein. This amino acid substitution may have no effect, or it may render the protein nonfunctional.

How would a change in the sequence of nucleotides in a DNA molecule affect the mRNA transcribed from the DNA molecule?

How would a change to the sequence of nucleotides in a DNA segment affect the mRNA transcribed from the DNA? The mRNA strand is similar to the DNA strand except that uracil replaces thymine. The completed mRNA strand then detaches from the DNA strand.

Would all substitution mutations lead to a change in the amino acid sequence?

In either case, all individuals in the population originally had the same sequence of a gene. There were substitution events that resulted in a change in DNA sequence, which resulted in a change in RNA sequence, which then could result in a change in amino acid sequence.

How do mutations cause changes to the structure of protein?

A missense mutation is a mistake in the DNA which results in the wrong amino acid being incorporated into a protein because of change, that single DNA sequence change, results in a different amino acid codon which the ribosome recognizes. Changes in amino acid can be very important in the function of a protein.

What is a DNA mutation?

A mutation is a permanent alteration in the sequence of nitrogenous bases of a DNA molecule. The result of a mutation is generally a change in the end‐product specified by that gene. In some cases, a mutation can be beneficial if a new metabolic activity arises in a microorganism, or it can be detrimental if a metabolic activity is lost.

What is mutation in microbiology?

Mutation. A mutation is a permanent alteration in the sequence of nitrogenous bases of a DNA molecule. The result of a mutation is generally a change in the end‐product specified by that gene. In some cases, a mutation can be beneficial if a new metabolic activity arises in a microorganism, or it can be detrimental if a metabolic activity is lost.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of mutation?

Mutation. In some cases, a mutation can be beneficial if a new metabolic activity arises in a microorganism, or it can be detrimental if a metabolic activity is lost. Types of mutations. The most common type of mutation involves a single base pair in the DNA molecule and is known as a point mutation.

What are missense and nonsense mutations?

Should a new amino acid be substituted in the final protein, the mutation is known as missense mutation. Certain mutations change the genetic code and destroy the information it contains. Such a mutation is referred to as a nonsense mutation.