Admin Table of Contents
What is the unit of chromosome?
The unit of the chromosome is the gene. A gene is a DNA segment that carries information from parents to children and determines the heredity characters in the offspring.
What is chromosome small?
(KROH-muh-some) A structure found inside the nucleus of a cell. A chromosome is made up of proteins and DNA organized into genes. Each cell normally contains 23 pairs of chromosomes.
What is a unit of DNA?
The basic unit used to make a strand of DNA is called a nucleotide. A single basic unit or “building block” of DNA consists of a sugar , a phosphate group and a base. Sugars are rings of carbon and oxygen atoms.
What is the molecular composition of a chromosome?
Chromosomes are thread-like structures located inside the nucleus of animal and plant cells. Each chromosome is made of protein and a single molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Passed from parents to offspring, DNA contains the specific instructions that make each type of living creature unique.
Which is smallest unit gene or DNA?
Smallest unit of DNA is nucleotide . DNA is the most important molecule of living organisms and universally same in structure.
Which is smaller unit gene or DNA?
Chromosomes are larger, sometimes microscopically visible, structures in cells made of DNA and a few proteins. Genes are much smaller sections of the chromosomes, made of DNA, that specifically code for how to make proteins or RNA needed by the cell.
What is the smallest unit in DNA?
Nucleotide
Nucleotide: It is the smallest unit of DNA which consists of nucleoside and phosphate groups.
What is chromosome morphology?
1. CHROMOSOME Chromosomes are the rod-shaped ,filamentous bodies present in the nucleus, which become visible during cell division. They are carriers of the gene or unit of heredity. Chromosome are not visible in active nucleus due to their high water content , but are clearly seen during cell division.
What are the structural units of each chromosome?
The structural units of each chromosome are DNA and protein. The substance composing chromosomes is known as chromatin—a nucleoprotein, composed of nucleic acids and protein. There are two types of nucleic acids, DNA and RNA. i) Low molecular weight proteins: histones or basic proteins;
What are the different types of chromosomes?
Chromosomes are classified into four types by their shape in metaphase or in anaphase, which, in turn, is determined by the position of the centromere: Rod-like and have a centromere situated on the proximal end. Rod-like and have a small, or even imperceptible, arm. Chromosomes having unequal arms are thus ‘L’ shaped.
What is the function of chromosome?
Chromosome. Chromosomes are the genetic material present in all the cells. They are present in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell. They are a thread-like structure. Each chromosome of a eukaryotic cell contains DNA and associated proteins, known as histone proteins. They are responsible for the hereditary of traits and passed from parents
Why do humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes?
Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes. This unique structure of chromosome keeps DNA tightly wrapped around spool-like proteins, named histones. Without similar packaging, DNA molecules would be too long to simply fit inside cells.