How does the cell use the charge difference that build up across the inner mitochondrial membrane during cellular respiration?

How does the cell use the charge difference that build up across the inner mitochondrial membrane during cellular respiration?

How does the cell use the charge differences that build up across inner mitochondrial membrane during cellular respiration? The cell uses a process known as chemiosmosis to produce ATP. Carries the high-energy electrons to the ETC, where they can be used to produce more ATP.

How the structure of the inner mitochondrial membrane enables the production of ATP via oxidative phosphorylation?

Overview: oxidative phosphorylation The electron transport chain is a series of proteins embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane. Protons flow down their concentration gradient into the matrix through the membrane protein ATP synthase, causing it to spin (like a water wheel) and catalyze conversion of ADP to ATP.

How do stored energy from food is changed to chemical energy for cell use?

Through the process of cellular respiration, the energy in food is converted into energy that can be used by the body’s cells. During cellular respiration, glucose and oxygen are converted into carbon dioxide and water, and the energy is transferred to ATP.

How does the electron transport chain use the high-energy electrons from glycolysis?

One reaction of glycolysis removes 4 high-energy electrons, passing them to an electron carrier called NAD+. Each NAD+ accepts a pair of high-energy electrons and becomes an NADH molecule. The NADH molecule holds the electrons until they can be transferred to other molecules.

How are fermentation and cellular respiration similar?

Similarities: Both cellular respiration and fermentation are process that break down food and convert the chemical energy stored in the food to ATP molecules. That is, cellular respiration takes place in the presence of oxygen, while fermentation takes place in the absence of oxygen.

What is the difference between the electron transport reactions of mitochondria and the ones which take place in photosynthetic process?

1. In mitochondria ATP synthase, the protons flow from the intermembrane space to the matrix whereas in photosynthetic process the protons flow from the thylakoid space into the stroma. 2. The electron transport reactions of mitochondria produces carbon dioxide and photosynthesis produces oxygen.

How does the inner mitochondrial membrane differ from the outer mitochondrial membrane?

As previously mentioned, mitochondria contain two major membranes. The outer mitochondrial membrane fully surrounds the inner membrane, with a small intermembrane space in between. In contrast, the inner membrane has much more restricted permeability, much like the plasma membrane of a cell.

How does cell transform energy within the body of organisms?

Organisms ingest large molecules, like carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, and convert them into smaller molecules like carbon dioxide and water. This process is called cellular respiration, a form of catabolism, and makes energy available for the cell to use.

What happens to the chemical energy stored in the food the consumers eat?

Some of the stored chemical energy in a producer such as grass is stored as chemical energy in the fat or protein in the first order consumers that eat the grass. At each stage of a food chain, most of the chemical energy is converted to other forms such as heat, and does not remain within the ecosystem.

What do high-energy electrons help the cells build?

And in both processes, the energy stored in the chemiosmotic gradient is used with ATP synthase to build ATP. The FADH2 and NADH molecules produced in glycolysis and the Krebs Cycle, donate high-energy electrons to energy carrier molecules within the membrane.

What is the energy from the electron transport chain used to do?

During electron transport, energy is used to pump hydrogen ions across the mitochondrial inner membrane, from the matrix into the intermembrane space. A chemiosmotic gradient causes hydrogen ions to flow back across the mitochondrial membrane into the matrix, through ATP synthase, producing ATP.

How do fermentation and cellular respiration differ from photosynthesis?

– Photosynthesis removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and cellular respiration puts it back. Photosynthesis releases oxygen into the atmosphere, and cellular respiration uses that oxygen to release energy from food. – In the absence of oxygen, fermentation releases energy from food molecules by producing ATP.