What is a horizontal traverse?

What is a horizontal traverse?

In surveying: Basic control surveys. …of horizontal control is the traverse, which consists of a series of marked stations connected by measured courses and the measured angles between them.

What is horizontal control in survey?

A horizontal control point is defined as any survey point whose position has been previously determined and is in the NGS Data Base, whose position is to be determined in an adjustment of the submitted HZTL OBS data, or whose (adjusted) position is available from another source.

What is traverse in survey?

Traverse is a method in the field of surveying to establish control networks. It is also used in geodesy. Traverse networks involve placing survey stations along a line or path of travel, and then using the previously surveyed points as a base for observing the next point.

What is horizontal control plan?

Horizontal control surveys coordinate horizontal positional data. These positions can be referenced by parallels or plane coordinate axes. Because they are used as a framework for other surveys, these surveys must be precise and accurate.

What is close traverse surveying?

A surveying traverse whose accuracy can be checked by the fact that, when it is closed, the angles should add up to 360 degrees , and which ends at its starting point. ii. A surveying traverse that starts and terminates upon the same station or upon a station of known position.

What is Compass traverse?

A compass traverse is a method of filling in detail on a topographic, geologic, or other map. It is a method of surveying a route such as a stream, path, or the edge of an outcrop by means of a series of traverse legs , of each of which the bearing is observed by compass and the length measured directly in the field.

What are different methods of establishing a horizontal control?

Horizontal control network may be established by one of the following methods:

• traversing,
• triangulation,
• trilateration,
• GPS ,
• photogrammetry.

Which of the following can be process by horizontal control?

Which among the following can be possessed by the horizontal control? Explanation: The horizontal and vertical control can possess either triangulation or a traverse. This is considered as the preliminary survey procedure as it can be done for second or third order triangulations which can be used as a main control. 4.

What is traverse in data structures?

Traversing a data structure means: “visiting” or “touching” the elements of the structure, and doing something with the data. (Traversing is also sometimes called iterating over the data structure)

Why do you do a traverse survey?

The purpose of traverse is to locate the unknown points relative to each other and to locate all points within the traverse relative to a common grid. Three elements of starting data are needed. They are the coordinates and height of a starting point and an azimuth to a visible azimuth mark.

What are controls in surveying?

Control surveys provide horizontal and vertical positions of points to which supplementary surveys are adjusted. Control surveys provide the standard of accuracy for subsequent and subordinate surveys to attain.

What is horizontal angle?

Definition of Horizontal Angle: a) An angle between any two points within the same horizontal plane. Definition of Horizontal: a) parallel to the plane of the horizon; level; flat. b) at right angles to the vertical; parallel to level ground.

What is traversing in control survey?

Traversing is a method of control survey to establish control points. A traverse must start with control station which is known station (known coordinate). It is a method of transferring coordinates. Definition Traverse – a series of points (stations), each one intervisible with its adjacent points.

What are the methods of Traverse surveying?

There are several methods of traversing, depending on the instruments used in determining the relative directions of the traverse lines. The following are the principal methods: Brief descriptions of these traverse surveying methods are given below. The method in which the whole work is done with chain and tape is called chain traversing.

What is horizontal control in civil engineering?

The horizontal control consists of reference marks of known plan position, from which salient points of designed structures may be set out. The horizontal control consists of reference marks of known plan position, from which salient points of designed structures may be set out. For large structures primary and secondary control points are used.

What is a sursurvey grid?

Survey grid is one which is drawn on a survey plan, from the original traverse. Original traverse stations form the control points of the grid. The site grid used by the designer is the one with the help of which actual setting out is done. As far as possible the site grid should be actually the survey grid.