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Is under God in the pledge constitutional?
A widely recognized constitutional law scholar. The court held the Pledge, which includes the words “under God” added by a 1954 congressional statute, violated the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment, which provides that “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion.”
How does adding the word God to the pledge violate the First Amendment?
U.S. Congress, a divided panel of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit held that the 1954 Congressional amendment adding the words “under God” to the Pledge of Allegiance violated the First Amendment’s proscription that, “Congress shall make not law respecting an establishment of religion.” Because …
Is God mentioned in Constitution?
In the United States, the federal constitution does not make a reference to God as such, although it uses the formula “the year of our Lord” in Article VII.
Why should the words under God be in the pledge?
Keeping “under God” in the Pledge means that the government endorses religion as desirable. “Under God”endorses a particular religious belief—the Judeo-Christian concept of a single deity, “God.” Yet other faiths have different views about a deity or deities, and other people do not believe in a deity at all.
When were the words ‘under God’ added to the pledge?
In 1954, during the McCarthy era and communism scare, Congress passed a bill, which was signed into law, to add the words ” under God. ” The current Pledge reads:
What are the words to the pledge of allegiance?
” I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America, and to the Republic for which it stands; one nation, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all .” In 1954, during the McCarthy era and communism scare, Congress passed a bill, which was signed into law, to add the words ” under God. ” The current Pledge reads:
Who wrote the pledge?
The Pledge was originally written in 1892-AUG by Francis Bellamy (1855 – 1931). He was an American, a Baptist minister, and an active Socialist. He included some of the concepts of his first cousin, Edward Bellamy, who wrote a number of socialist utopian novels, such as Looking Backward (1888) and Equality (1897).
Does the pledge of allegiance to God violate the Establishment Clause?
They argue that the Constitution protects minority rights against majority will, and that the words “under God” in the Pledge are a religious phrase and thus violate the Establishment Clause of the First Amendment.