What are Suboccipital muscles?

What are Suboccipital muscles?

The suboccipital muscles are a group of four muscles that are located inferior to the occipital bone. These four muscles include the rectus capitis posterior major, rectus capitis posterior minor, obliquus capitis superior, and obliquus capitis inferior.

What are the three extensions of the dura mater?

The dura mater is composed of two layers: the periosteal/endosteal layer and the meningeal layer. The dural venous sinuses are between these two layers. The dura folds to form septa that create the falx cerebri, tentorium cerebelli, falx cerebelli, and diaphragma sellae.

Where does the falx cerebri attach?

crista galli
The falx cerebri is relatively thin anteriorly where it attaches to the crista galli of the ethmoid bone, but is broader posteriorly where it attaches to the superior surface of the tentorium cerebelli inferiorly 1,2.

Is the falx cerebri part of the dura mater?

The falx cerebri is a strong crescent-shaped sheet that represents an invagination of the meningeal layer of the dura mater into the longitudinal fissure, found between the medial surfaces of the cerebral hemispheres.

What muscle attaches to occipital condyle?

trapezius
Several muscles attach to the inferior part of the occipital bone, whose insertions were discussed in the “Structure and Function” section. The most medial and superficial of these is the trapezius, with its multiple origins, one of which is the external occipital protuberance.

What muscles attach to base of skull?

Suboccipitals. Comprised of 4 pairs of small muscles, the suboccipital muscles connect the top of the cervical spine with the base of the skull. The suboccipitals are important for head extension and rotation.

What protects dura mater?

Dura mater is a thick membrane made of dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds the brain and spinal cord. It is the outermost of the three layers of membrane called the meninges that protect the central nervous system….

Which extensions of the dura mater enters the longitudinal fissure?

The hemispheres of the brain can be pulled laterally to observe the falx cerebri (878/N97), a fold of true dura that extends down into the longitudinal fissure. The falx can be traced posteriorly to the tentorium cerebelli (N98) which covers the superior surface of the cerebellum.

What are the dural sinuses?

Dural venous sinuses are a group of sinuses or blood channels that drains venous blood circulating from the cranial cavity. It collectively returns deoxygenated blood from the head to the heart to maintain systemic circulation.

What process of cerebral dura mater separates the occipital lobes from the cerebellum?

tentorium cerebelli
The tentorium cerebelli is the dural fold that separates the cerebrum from the cerebellum. A ventricle is a fluid filled cavity within the cerebrum through which cerebrospinal fluid circulates.

What attaches to occipital bone?

The lambdoid suture joins the occipital bone to the parietal bones. The occipitomastoid suture joins the occipital bone and mastoid portion of the temporal bone. The sphenobasilar suture joins the basilar part of the occipital bone and the back of the sphenoid bone body .

Where is dura mater located in the skull?

Bone is situated above these layers, followed by periosteum (a fibrous membrane that covers bone) and skin. The dura mater is the top layer of the meninges, lying beneath the bone tissue. This material at times opens into sinus cavities (spaces) located around the skull.

What is the dura mater made up of?

Dura mater. These are called the meninges, and their three levels consist of the: pia, arachnoid, and dura mater. Bone is situated above these layers, followed by periosteum (a fibrous membrane that covers bone) and skin. The dura mater is the top layer of the meninges, lying beneath the bone tissue.

How does the dura mater affect the spinal cord?

When the dura is stretched, compressed, torsioned or distorted by the moving of bones attached to it, the spinal cord and brain alter their shape, as well. In turn, this action overtly expresses itself by changes in intensity, frequency and the amount of nerve flow to and from the brain.

What is the function of the duramater?

Dura mater. This material at times opens into sinus cavities (spaces) located around the skull. This is particularly notable with the dural venous sinuses. Here, liquids, like blood and cerebrospinal fluid, drain and collect into the internal jugular vein. Cerebrospinal fluid is a clear liquid that cushions the brain and spinal cord…